Internal-combustion engine.



B. F. STEWART.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGT ma ma July 13, 1915.

APPLICATION FILED APR-7,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET T- B. F. STEWARL :NTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGmE.

APPLICATION HLED APR. 7, I 915.

4 SHEETSSHEET Z.

B: F. STEWART.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATIONIHLED 1\PR.7,1915.

L iasfiffi a 4 Patented Jul 13, 1915 B. F. STEWART.

INTERNAL COMBUSHON ENGINE a f M APPLICATION FILED APR.7,19I5. flfi fifiao I Patented July 15, 1915.

BENJAMIN F. STEWART, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIQ,

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1915.

Application filed April 7, 1915. Serial m. 19,622.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F.-Srnw- ART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion .Engines, fication.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and has for its object to rovide a new and improved engine of this escription.

The invention is illustratedin the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation with parts omitted, of an engine embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is an end view of the engine shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 'of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is'a sectional viewtaken on line 5- 5. of

pa rts throughsections 1 and 2 projecting at an angle to. each other and placed, as it were, side by side, said sections containing vthe cylinders of the engine. Each of the sections 1 and 2 is provided at its outer end with the valve casing 4: integral with the section and containing the rotary valve 5 for controlling the admission of the explosive mixture to the cylinders and the discharge of the exploded gases from said cylinders. The two sections) 1 and 2 have the meeting faces 6 at each end, which are brought together when the sections are united, the sections being clamped together by the rods or bolts 7 and 7 These faces are provided with flanges 6 clamped I together by. bolts 6". Thelower part ofthe casing 3 has at each end an engaging face 8, which engages the-engaginlg faces 9 and 10 of the sections 1 and 2. he engine shaft 12 is mounted in suitable journal boxes at tached to the sections 1 and 2. In the construction shown there are three of these j ournal boxes, one at each end of the casing,

and an intermediate one. The upper parts Y therewith. The lower parts 14 of these jourof which the following is a speci-' nal boxes are removably connected to the upper parts in any desired manner, as by the bolts 15, extendin through lugs 1* and 2 on the sections 1 and 2, and the lugs 3 on the section 3. The journal boxes are provided with suitable lining 16. It will thus be seen that when the section 3 is'removed 4 by taking out the bolts 11, the journal boxes remain in position and hold the shaft in position,,being supported by the sections 1 and 2. The shaft 12 is provided with four cranks 17. The cylinders are provided with suitable pistons 18, and two pistons in section 1 are provided with the piston rods 19, which are bifurcated at the ends where they cohnect with the cranks 17 being provided Y with the 'two separated branches 20 and 21. Two pistons in the opposite cylinder in sectlon 2'are parts 22 encircling the shaft, which fit in between the branches 20' and 21 of the piston rods 19 and connect with the crank between said branches. The shaft encircling parts of the branches 20 and 21 engage the wearing part 22 on the crank, while the parts 22 engage a sleeve 22". It will thus be seen that the wearing face of the part 22 '13s; at a greater distance from the center-than the wearing faces of the parts 20 and 21, thereby tending to equalize their wearing faces due to the fact that there is only one encircling part 22, while there are two encircling parts connected with the branches 20 and 21. The other pistons in section 1 are provided with iston rods which have single parts 22 encirc ing theshaft, and which fit in between the branches 20 and 21 of the piston rods of the pistons in the opposed cylinders in part 2, said piston rod being similar to the piston rods 19, thereby permitting the eight pistons to be connected with the four cranks, thereby economizing space.- The en. gine may be supported in any desired manner. For purposes of illustration I have shown a convenient means for supporting it in cases-Where it is used on an automobile or the like. In this constructiohthe sections 1 I and 2 are provided at one end with the lugs 25, havingscrew threaded bolt holes in them. A bar '26 extends across thd end of said sections and is bolted to said lugs, the ends thereof resting upon the supports 27, which in an automobile would be the side frame proper position when the bar is straight. The bar 26 is connected to the engine frame by the bolts 26: At the other to provide a single lug 28, and the bar 29 is connected with this lug, the bar 29 being similar to bar 26. This gives, as it were, a three-point support and permits the engine to properly adjust itself. The sections 1 and 2 are provided with the intake openings 30 and 31, which are connected by thepipes with the carbureter (not shown). The explosive mixture passes through the opening 30 into the chamber 30 and then through. the ports 33 in the valve 5, and then 15 passes through ports 35 into the engine cylinders and the burnt gases are exhausted from the cyli .ders through the ports 36 into thecentral ch are discharged pipe 38. Some .fneans provided for holding the valve don on its is herein shown, the casing 4iis cut aw y to receive the rings which on the valve. These rings are inst by means the adjusting screws so to press the valve down onits seat and laid i in this position. The screws also per nt the valve to be adjusted for \wear. I have shown these rings as split ball bearing rings, but they may be formed in any other desired manner. isoperated in any desired manner from the engine shaft. As herein shown, there is connected with the valve a sprocket. wheel ll which is connected by a chain l2 to a sprocket wheel on. the ch ins, the two sprocket wheels being properly proportioned to secure the proper movement of the valve lit will be seen that with this construction, by simply r 'unoving the lower part 3 oi: the casing, the engine shaft remains in posit1on eng ne shaft, cranks and piston is acct sib e, hence it is not necesv the entire engine to gain d to repair them or re the that the o casing at outer with this construction from the inner ends, besections are taken apart the inner ends are i '-e .l have sho ings one method central bearing for the shaft beingwithin through the discharge access 32., easily cause when casing. is located between the two sets of cylinders. (@ee Figs. 1 and This oil hole communicases with oil ducts and 4.5, which col. municate with grooves 46 in the lining at? of the journal box. Upenings 4:8 through the said lining conduct the oil to theshaft '12. I use the two ducts 44: and. 45 to better spread the oil and also because a single duct cannot be used. at the center of the part 49, due to the fact that one oiijthe bolts 7 passes end I prefer .mber 37 of the valve and they The valve this construction an oil hole 43 messes splashed with oil at cachrevolution. I When the spaces between the ribs become 'filled with oil, the oil runs over the ribs and then passes through the openings 51 into the oil reservoir. The oil may then be pumped back to the point of use by a suitable pump (not shown). The rotary valves 5 are oiled by means of pipes 53, which pass along the face thereof, and which communicate at in tervals with openings 54.- leading to the outer face ot the valve (See Fig. 6). The two sections'l and 2, containing the cylinders are arranged so that any one thereof can be used either at the right or left hand side. I also prefer to provide a passageway 55 through the casing of each set of cylinders between the two middle cylinders S'see Figs. 3 and 5), the oil passing to the carbureter, passes through one of these passageways while the air passing to the carburetor passes through the other passageway, thereby heating both the oil and the air. These passageways are arranged so that the passageway in either section can be used for either purpose. The casings in the cylinders are provided with the openings 56 and 57 for the entrance and discharge of the cooling water :for the water jackets;

The engine ca be very easily and cheaply machind and assembled, the only parts requiring to be machined being the faces 6, 9 and 10 of the sections 1 and 2 and the faces 8 of the section 3, said faces beingthc edges of the walls of the casing at the ends there or. it will further be noted that when the cylinder sections 1 and 2 are once gethcr they need not be taken apart again as the inside of the cylindersis accessible by simply taking oil the bottom part 3. Each section 1 and 2 may be cast with any desired number of cylinders. By means cheapness of construction and simplicity are secured. It will. also be seen that any one of the can be easily and quickly taken out without interfering with any other pistons, by simply taking off the lower third section forming the bottom of the crank case, bolts passing through the bodies bolted to- 1 a the cranks will becomeia-ones for connecting them together, means for ias toning the third portion of the casing to the other two, a shaft passing through the casing, said shaft supported upon the two sections containing the cylinders, whereby the third section. may be removed without interfering with the shaft and the other two sections.

3. An engine comprising a casing having three separate sections, two of the sections containing the cylinders, said cylinders beinginclined with relation to each other, the

third section forming the bottom of the cas ing, a crank shaft extending through said casing, means for supporting the crank shaft on the two sections containing the cylinders, and means for removing the third section without displacing said crank shaft.

i. An engine comprising a casing having three separated sections, two of the sections containing the cylinders, said cylinders being inclined with relation to each other, the third section forming the bottom of the casing, means for connecting the three sections together, the two sections containing the cylinders being reversible so that either section can be used as a right or left section.

An engine comprising a. casing having three separate sections, too of the sections containing the cylinders, said cylinders being inclined with relation to each other, the third section forming the bottom of the crank case, means for connecting the three sections together, a crank shaft extending through the casing, an inner bearing for said cranlg shaft, the casing provided intermediate the cylinders, with oil ductsleading to said bearing.

6. An engine comprising a casing having three separate sections, two of the sections containing the cylinders, said cylinders being inclined with relation to each other, the casing of each of said two sections intermediate the cylinders having a passageway therethrough, one passageway for the air that goes to the carburetor, the other for the oil that goes to the carburetor, so that the air, and oil may be heated, the third section forming the bottom of the crank case, and means for connecting the three sections to gether.

. 7. An engine comprising a casing having three separate sections, two of the sections containing the cylinders, said cylinders being inclined with relation to each other, the casing of each of said two sections intermediate the cylinders having a passageway therethrough, one passageway for the-air that goes to the carburetor, the other for the oil that goes to the carburetor, so that the air and oil may be heated, the third section forming the bottom of the crank case, means for connecting the three sections together, said sections containing the cylind rs being reversible so that either section can be used as a right or a left section, the passage, ways through said sections being inclined 1nopposite directions with relation to the vertical plane of the engine so that they are in proper position regardless of the sideupon which the sections may be used.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses this 26th day of March 1915.

BENJAMIN r. s'rnwiinr.

Witnesses GENEVA HIRTH, ELLA THIEME. 

